Newspaper vending machine



Se t. 15, 1959 D. R. POLAND NEWSPAPER VENDING MACHINE Filed May 27',1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 a IT-717517.722? flaw/11.0 Z IDOL/4MB Sept. 15,1959 D. R. POLAND 2,904,216

NEWSPAPER VENDING MACHINE Filed May 27, 195? 4 s Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept.15, 1959 D. R. POLAND NEWSPAPER VENDING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 FiledMay 27, 1957 571 5177271" flan/Aw F POLAND 2,904,216 NEWSPAPER VENDINGMACHINE Donald R. Poland, St. Petersburg, Fla. Application May 27, 1957,Serial No. 661,701 '4 Claims. '(Cl. 221-90) This invention relates tovending machines and is particularly adapted for vending of newspapers,and the like. While the need of machines of this type is obvious, themechanisms so far devised have failed to furnish such standards inreliability of operation and simplicity of manipulation as will assurepopular acceptance thereof, and particularly newspaper vending machineshave, therefore, not found the widespread use of which they arepotentially capable.

The object of the invention is to provide a coin operated machine of thetype in which the newspapers to be vended are arranged in a columnconsisting of supports arranged one above the other and properly spacedto receive newspapers therebetween, each of the supports holding itsrespective newspaper, each of the sup ports pivotally supported at therear end thereof, the forward end of the supports releasably :held inopenings formed in posts arranged at the front of the machine, andreleasing means which may be actuated to successively release thesupports from the posts to allow them to tilt to discharge or delivertherefrom the newspaper held thereby.

It. is another object of the present invention to furnish a dependableoperating newspaper vending machine which a purchaser may convenientlyoperate with only one hand.

Another object of the invention is to provide a sturdy, stormproof andtheftproof machine housing for the protection: of. simple, easilyoperated and non-jamming mechanisms capable of delivering a paperwhenever a proper coin is deposited in the" machine and a lever manuallyoperated, and upon delivery of the last copy of the newspapers it willautomatically warn prospective purchasers of its inability to deliverany more papers.

A further object of the invention is to provide a vending machine fornewspapers and the like, which is simple in construction, reliable inoperation and convenient to manipulate.

A still further object 'of the invention is to furnish a machine of thetype referred to which may be manufactured at such low cost as to lenditself to profitable use in places of small, as well as large turnovers.

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine of thischaracter having coin'controlled mechanism for a release of a controlmeans'eifectedby the actuation of the manually operable lever fordispensing a newspaper.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a machine, of thetype described, with exteriorly visual means adapted to permit exposureof the main headlines of the news to be found in the newspapers placedfor sale in the device, the headlines being found upon a single copy ofa newspaper which is arranged vertically in the front door of themachine andthis copy allowed to drop downwardly out of sight after allnewspapers in the machine assembled for sale have been dispensed.

Broadly, it is an object of the present invention to provide-a vendingmachine for newspapers and the like, which is simple in construction,reliable in operation and convenient to manipulate.

To the attaiment of these objects and the accomplish- United StatesPatent .0 M

2,904,216 Patented Sept. 15, 1959 ment of other new and useful objectsas will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty insubstantially the construction, combination and arrangement of theseveral parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown inthe accompanying drawing illustrating this invention and in which:

Figure l is a perspective view of a newspaper vending machine embodyingthe invention, the discharge shelf shown in its lowered position, andthe machine mounted on a post for support;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the machine shown in Figure 1 with thedoor open showing the novel features therein for dispensing newspapers;

Figure 3 is a sectional plan view of the machine shown in Figures 1 and2 taken substantially along the line 3--'3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional side'elevation of aportion of the machine embodying the invention, one shelf lowered to avertical position and a second shelf thereabove in a horizontal positionand supporting a newspaper;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary detail sectional view of the machine embodyingthe invention, showing the operating shaft mounted at the rear of thehousing with the rope winding drums and associated parts thereon;

Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view of the rope drums andcooperating ratchets on opposite ends of. the operating shaft shown inFigure 5;

Figure 7 is a fragmentary detail sectional view taken substantiallyalong the line 77 of Figure 5; and

Figure 8 is a fragmentary detail sectional view adjacent the bottom ofthe display paper container.

Referring more specifically to the drawings:

The new and improved newspaper vending machine consists of a housing 15.The housing is composed of two sheet metal side walls 16 and 17respectively, a sheet metal rear wall 18, a base 19, a top portion 20,apartition .21 parallel with the side walls 16 and 17, and aimetalli'cfront door 22 hinged to said side wall 17; said walls and partitionwelded to the base and top at the adjacent edge portions thereof. Themachine may be mounted upon a post 39 or any suitable means. The upperinterior portion of the housing 15 between the side wall 17 and thepartition 21 provides a magazine 24 to house the newspapers to bedisposed, said magazine being. large enough to house shelves with acomplete newspaper folded once upon itself and supported on each shelfin a horizontal plane.

Suitable means are provided for supporting the shelves and allowing thesame to be lowered in order to dispense papers deposited thereon.Adjacent the side wall 17 and adjacent the portion 21 are secured metalplates 25 and 26 respectively. The plates 25 and 26 extend from the base19 to the top 20 with the free front edge portions 27 and 28 formedinwardly towards each other for a front and rear formed portions of saidplate 25 actually form channel-shaped posts for supporting the shelves,said posts will be referred to by numerals 35, 36,. 37 and 38,respectively. The front posts 35 and 37 as shown for example provide ahollow channel post substantially 1 /2 inches deep with its side wallsspaced approximately A inch apart. The rear'posts 36 and 38 as shownpro- .vide a hollow channel post substantially 3% inches deep with itsside walls spaced approximately -7i inch apart.

The rear posts 36 and 38 are provided adjacent the free edges thereofwith slots 40 and 41 vertically spaced one inch apart, the forward endportion of each slot providing a horizontal portion 42 and the rearportion of each slot providing an upwardly inclined runway 44, clearlyshown by Figure 4. The forward posts 35 and 37 are provided withsubstantially circular openings 46 and 47 vertically spaced one inchapart and adjacent the free edges 31 and 33 thereof. The horizontalwidth of each opening 46 and 47 is preferably two-thirds of the actualvertical diameter thereof, providing an open slot with the vertical freeedges 31 and 33. The forward posts 35 and 37 are also provided with avertical slot 48, approximately /2 inch wide, between the forward edgeand said openings 46 and 47, and extending within a short distance abovethe base 19 and below the ceiling of the magazine, or top 20, clearlyshown by Figures 2 and 4. The openings and slots 40, 41, 46 and 47 inthe four posts 35, 36, 37 and 38 are arranged at corresponding levelsfor supporting newspaper supporting shelves later to be described.

In the magazine 24, within said housing 15, are a plurality of shelves50, preferably made of flat, smooth, lightweight metal, horizontallysupported in the openings and slots 40, 41, 46 and 47, for supportingnewspapers 55 between each two adjacent shelves. Each corner of theshelf 50 is provided with a pivot pin, the pivot pins at the rear of theshelf referred to by numerals 57 and 58 respectively, the pins at thefront of the shelves referred to by numerals 59 and 60. If desired, saidpins could be replaced by two cylindrical rods assembled with the frontand rear edges of the shelves with the free ends extending a shortdistance out from each side thereof. The pins are of smaller diameterthan the vertical width of the slots and openings 40, 41, 46 and 47 inthe supporting posts 35, 36, 37 and 38 and when assembled therewithprovide support for the newspapers. The shelves are removable but it isto be noted that it is not necessary to remove them to load or reloadthe machine.

An inclined chute 60 is suitably supported in the lower section of thehousing 15 and descends obliquely from the rear wall 18 to the upperfront edge of the base 19 extending across between walls 17 and 21.Adjacent the lower edge of chute 60 is pivotally secured a small,upwardly curved shelf 61, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and is providedwith an upwardly directed stop edge 62 to form a delivery trough. Saidshelf 61 has a spring attached to its forward edge portion and at eachend thereof to keep it raised to a vertically normal position. When thechute 60 delivers a paper to said shelf 61, the weight of the slidingnewspaper will depress the shelf 61 to form a continuation of the chute60 and allow the newspaper to pass and stop at the outer edge 62 of theshelf 61 to form a delivery trough. After the paper is removed, theshelf will return to its normal vertical position, the shape of theshelf 61 will prevent the entry of human fingers or mechanical devicesto be inserted within the housing to effect theft. The front door 22 ishinged to said side wall 17 and has its lower ledge portion recessed toform a discharge opening 63. The opening 63 is sufliciently large enoughto allow the shelf 61 with stop edge 62 to protrude outwardly from thehousing when contacted by a newspaper for dispensing, as indicated byFigures 1 and 2.

The chute 60 forms a false bottom to the magazine section within thehousing lying below the bottom shelf and inclined toward the newspaperdelivery slot. A chamber 65 is formed between the delivery chute 60, therear wall 18 and the base 19. An operating shaft 66 is suitably mountedtransversely within the chamber by a plurality of bearings 67 and 68secured upon the base 19, said shaft and associated shaft 80, forming acontinuation thereof, extending through partition 21 and the outer sidewall 16 to support outside the housing an operating lever 70 rigidlysecured thereto, as shown by Figure 5. Between the bearing 68 andpartition 21 is mounted a rope winding drum 71 of duplex type having twosections 72 and 73 of different diameters. The drums are provided forwinding the rope for connection with a shelf release mechanism later tobe described. When it is desired to handle daily papers which will fitbetween shelves spaced one inch apart, the smaller drum 72 is used. Whena large, or thick, newspaper is to be vended, the shelves must be spacedtwo inches apart and then the larger drum 73 is used in conjunction withthe release mechanism. A ratchet drive 75 is positioned between the drum73 and partition 21. One-half of the ratchet 81 is secured to said drumand the other half 82 to a drive shaft which extends through thepartition 21, a coin box 115, and side wall 16. When the operating lever70 is actuated, shaft 80 will rotate ratchet 82 in a counterclockwisedirection, turning ratchet section 81 and the drums 71 and 73 in acounterclockwise direction. A spring 83 placed between the ratchetsection 82 and the locking collar 84 mounted upon said shaft 80 andadjacent partition 21 within the chamber 65, holds the ratchet sections81 and 82 in engagement. A second ratchet assembly 84 is mounted uponsaid shaft 66, said assembly 84 is composed of a ratchet section 85keyed to said shaft and a second section 86 mounted upon a support 87secured to the base 19. Ratchet 84 is provided to keep the shaft 66 fromrotating in a clockwise direction when the operating lever 70 is raisedor released and shaft 80 turned clockwise, and for that reason the teethon ratchet 84 are formed in reverse from those on ratchet 75. Eachratchet is provided with an annular groove; ratchet 75 with a groove 87and ratchet 85 with a groove 88. A horizontal rod 89 is arranged in thelower portion of the chamber 65. Said rod 89 is provided with a pair ofarms 90 and 91 for operating within the annular grooves 87 and 88. Arm91 is formed at the far end of said rod 89 for engagement with saidgroove 88. Arm 90 is formed between the ends of the rod 89 and extendedfor engagement with said groove 87. The free end of the rod 89 whichextends through the partition 21 and into the space between the wall 16and partition 21 has a hand knob 93 secured thereto. Therefore, wheneverthe knob 93 is moved to the right, both ratchets 75 and 85 have theiroperating sections separated because the arms 90 and 91 moving thesections 32 and 85 to the right, allowing any rope wound upon the drum72 or 73 to be released. A drum 101 with sections 102 and 103 ofdifferent diameter, but corresponding to drums 72 and 73 in size, ismounted adjacent ratchet sec-tion 85 for winding a rope thereonconnected with the shelf release mechanism. The two sections of ratchet84 are resiliently held together by spring 105 positioned between drum101 and locking ring 106 on shaft 66' adjacent bearing 67. Whenever arope is wound upon either of drums 72 or 73, a corresponding rope iswound upon one of the drums 102 or 103 of corresponding size. The drumsare moved and released in unison.

The ropes wound upon the drums have free ends attached to the shelfreleasing means, composed of two releasing blocks 90 and 91 slidable invertical slots provided in the front posts. The rope leaving either drumtravels rearwardly and under a pulley 92 vertically mounted uponsupports 93, as shown by Figure 7. Each rope is trained upwardly andthrough an eyelet 94 in the front post, and downwardly Where it isattached to a releasing block, such as 90 and 91. Each releasing blockis provided with a guide pin 94 embodying a retaining head portion whichwill slide within the front posts 35 and 37. Each releasing block isalso provided with .a shelf releasing pin 96 which extends rearwardlytoward the shelves. The free end portions 97 of said pins 96 are formedto extend downwardly and beneath the front shelf pins and 60. Whentheblocks 90 and 91 are raised by upward travel of the ropes wound uponthe drums, said end portions 97 will effect a camming action, liftingthe pins 59 and 60 upwardly and forcing same rearwardly out of the slots46. Thus, the shelf and shelf pins have lost their forward support andthe forward portion of the shelf will fall when released until its frontportion rests against the inclined chute 60, or whatever shelf maypreviously have been released, as shown by Figure 2.

As the release shelf drops onto the chute 60 in the manner described, itcauses the paper 111 placed thereon to slide off in forward directionand drop onto chute 60 which will conduct it to the delivery shelf ortrough 61, at the end thereof.

Not all the papers dispensed by the machine of this invention are storedin a horizontal position interiorly of the magazine 24. One copy isplaced in a vertical position in a chamber 100 formed between the rearauxi-liary wall 102 of the door, forming the front wall of the magazine24, and a glass window 103 disposed in an opening in wall 22 to revealthe name, date and headlines of the paper to prospective buyers. Thechamber 100 is open at the top to permit insertion of the paper. Thebottom of the chamber 100 is also open to communicate with the magazineexcept for the trap door 104 hinged thereto by hinge pin 135 secured tosaid rear wall 102, said door 104 supporting the exhibited paper incontact therewith, shown by Figure 8. Means are pro- ,vided inaccordance 'with this invention to drop the exhibited paper withinchamber 100 whenever the supply of papers within the magazine 24 hasbeen exhausted. For this purpose, said trap door 104 is held in ahorizontal position by a latch 106 secured thereto and having a tail endportion 107 bent upwardly at right angles thereto. A rod 108 is movablyassembled upon the end portion of chamber 100 adjacent the free edgeportion of the door 22. The upper end portion 109 of said rod 108projects rearwardly at a short distance above the uppermost shelf in themagazine when the door is closed. As the end portion 97 of the releasingpin passes upward- 1y, after it has released all the shelves from thefront supports, the release block 90 supporting said pin will come incontact 'with the upper end portion 109 of said rod 108 which will causethe rod 108 to be raised up- W wardly, the lower end 1'10 of the rod 108will be raised thereby releasing the latch 106 from its horizontalposition, allowing the trap door 104 to drop downwardly due to theweight of the newspaper disposed thereabove.

Below the chamber 100 is assembled a safety shelf 1'12.

As the trap door opens the exhibited paper will drop downwardly until itrests upon the safety shelf 112 preventing it from dropping onto thechute and into contact with the delivery shelf 61 from which it could beremoved by any party without payment of fee. In consequence thereof, theexhibited paper 'will drop out of tition 21 and about the shaft 80extending through said 7 Walls. A coin tube 116 is mounted upon theupper Wall of said coin box, the upper end 117 thereof extendingoutwardly and substantially in contact with the rear side of the doorwall 22:. A coin deposit slot 118 is formed in the door wall and indirect alignment with the open end 117 of said'jtube'l'ltfi. A coinreturn shelf 119 is assembljed on the inside ofthe'd'oor' 22 and inalignment with the coin'return slot 120*. Suitable mechanism isprojvidedflwithinithe coin box whereby the shaft 80 may be 'rotated'b'ythe actuation of lever '70 if and only when a coin is deposited therein.As an added safeguard, once the release block 90 has contacted the rod108 and the exhibit paper has dropped to its lowermost position, all therope is wound upon the drum that can be wound thereon and will preventthe rod from further rotation, this prevents any coin from entering thecoinbox and whenever a coin is inserted in the coin deposit slot it willbe returned to the coin return shelf 119'.

Directly above the coin box and coin tube and within the chamber formedby the walls 16, 18 and partitionZl, is mounted a sound device 125. Adisc record which will revolve for approximately sixty seconds isassembled with the sound device V125 and operated by the usual assemblyof parts as required by a talking machine of this type. Whenever a coinis deposited within the coin slot 118 and the rod 80 is rotated by lever70' to dispense a newspaper, a wire cord 126 connected between a leverwithin the sound device and a lever connected with said rod 80, iscaused to be actuated and the sound device will function for sixtyseconds, the sound escapes through the speaker 127 disposed in the endwall' 16 of themachine, shown by Figures 1 and 2. The disc record whichplays each time a paper is dispensed may be usedfor advertisingpurposes, whereby a voice recorded may state Thank you,.we hope youenjoy your paper, or Dine tonight at the Waldorf.

To replenish the machine of this invention, the door 22 is unlocked by asuitable key inserted in door lock 130', the door opened, knob 93grasped and-move to the right. Movement of knob 93 actuates rod 89 whichin turn separates the ratchets 75 and allowing the shaft 66 to be freeto rotate in a clockwise direction which allows the rope wound upon thedrums to be dispensed and the releasing of the blocks and 91 which dropimmediately to the lowermost section of the magazine. The shelves maythen be raised to a horizontal position, the shelf pin reinserted inslots 46, whereby the shelves are in position to be controlled bytherelease blocks 90 and 91. Then, newspapers are inserted between eachtwo adjacent shelves. Finally a last copy of the latest edition thereofis inserted into chamber .100 through the top thereof, the trap door 104is clo'sed,jand rod positioned to lock the latch 106 in a horizontalposition. The newspaper in its proper upright position in the chamberwill be displayed through the glass window. The machine is now ready toserve the public.

The described machine may be used for dispensing newspapers of varyingthickness. When a thick Sunday paper is to be dispensed only one-halfthe regular number of shelves is reassembled in the magazine with twicethe usual distance between each shelf. This isall accomplished withoutany adjustment whatsoever of the working parts. The ropes attached tothe shelf release blocks are arranged to travel over the large drumswhen greater space is required between the shelves, as it requires agreater travel of the blocks for each actuation of the lever 70. Themachine is of simple construction, giving satisfactory operation andgreatest durability. The machine may, therefore, be easily manufacturedin large quantities at a low cost.

The manipulation of the machine is of the simplest nature-and onlyrequires the actuation of a lever after the insertion of a coin,whereupon a newspaper will be dis- .pensed, one at a time, with nopossibility for the operator to improperly operate the machine, or steala paper. The dispensing operations are repeated until the last newspaperhas been vended, whereupon further insertion of coins through the coinslot will be returned at the coin shelf below the coin box.

From the foregoing description it will be readily understood that I haveproduced an efficient machine whereby newspapers may be vended, and Ihave, in the drawings and specification, presented a detailed disclosureof the preferred embodiments of my invention, but it is to be understoodthat -I do not intend to limit the invention of the specific fordisclosed but intend to cover all modifica- 7 tions, changes andalternative constructions and methods falling within the scope of theprinciples taught by my invention.

I claim as my invention:

'1. In a vending machine for newspapers having a magazine, a dischargeoutlet below said magazine, said magazine including a plurality ofsuperimposed shelves mounted for swinging movement about fixed pivots inelongated bearing and arranged so that the forward edge portion willdrop individually in said magazine from its horizontal position whenreleased, retaining means for maintaining said shelves against saidswinging movement, a traveling member for successively and bodilyshifting said shelves and pivots rearwardly in said bearings withrespect to said discharge outlet to render said retaining means inactiveto permit the shelves to swing about their pivots, said magazineincluding a vertical wall and window disposed to form a chamber in thefront portion thereof and adapted to accommodate a paper in verticalposition, said chamber having an open bottom disposed about saiddischarge outlet, a trap-door hinged to the lower edge portion of saidchamber to open and close said chamber, a movable rod mounted andarranged vertically to keep said door in its upper position closing saidchamber, the upper end portion of said rod having a rearwardly extendingportion, said traveling member striking said rod extension and raisingsaid rod and releasing said trap-door after it has passed the uppermostof said shelves and all of said shelves have dropped downwardly, wherebysaid paper in the vertical position in said chamber will drop downwardlybelow said window indicating that the magazine is empty and there are nonewspapers to be vended.

2. In a vending machine for newspapers having a magazine, a dischargeoutlet below said magazine, said magazine including a plurality ofsuperimposed shelves mounted for swinging movement about fixed pivots inelongated bearing and arranged so that the forward edge portion willdrop individually in said magazine from its horizontal position whenreleased, retaining means for maintaining said shelves against saidswinging movement, a traveling member for successively and bodilyshifting said shelves and pivots rearwardly in said bearings withrespect to said discharge outlet to render said retaining means inactiveto permit the shelves to swing about their pivots, the traveling memberto be intermittently advanced, flexible means secured to said member andto a revolving drum mounted upon a shaft operated by a lever mountedoutside said magazine and coacting with ratchet mechanisms for advancingthe member, said magazine including a vertical wall andwindow disposedto form a chamber in the front portion thereof and adapted toaccommodate a paper in vertical position, said chamber having an openbottom disposed about said discharge outlet, a trap-door hinged to thelower edge portion of said chamber to open and close said chamber, latchmeans attached to said door to keep said trap-door closed, a movable rodmounted and arranged vertically to keep said latch means and saidtrap-door in its upper position closing said chamber, the upper end ofsaid rod curved rearwardly, said traveling member striking said curvedupper end and raising said rod and releasing said door latch andtrap-door after it has passed the uppermost of said shelves and all ofsaid shelves have dropped downwardly, whereby said paper in the verticalposition in said chamber will drop downwardly below said windowindicating that the magazine is empty and there are no newspapers to bevended.

3. A vending machine having a chamber for the reception of the articlesto be delivered, an opening for the discharge of the articles from saidchamber, a plurality of shelves within said chamber on which thearticles are placed, said chamber embodying front and rear shelfsupporting members provided with a plurality of journal slots in therear supports and a plurality of restraining sockets in the forwardsupports, each of said shelves embodying hinge pins in the rear edgeportion thereof and extending beyond the lateral edges thereof, andsupporting pins in the front edge portion thereof and extending beyondthe lateral edges thereof, said hinge pins receivable in said journalslots, said supporting pins receivable in said restraining sockets, aplurality of releasing members traveling adjacent the forward edges ofsaid shelves for successively elevating the forward edge of said shelvesand shifting said shelves rearwardly, whereby the supporting pins ofeach shelf are removed from said sockets thereby allowing each shelf totilt downwardly, said magazine including a vertical wall and windowdisposed to form a chamber in the front portion thereof and adapted toaccommodate a paper in vertical position, said chamber having an openbottom disposed about said discharge outlet, a trap-door hinged to thelower edge portion of said chamber to open and close said chamber, asafety shelf attached to said door below said trap-door, a latchattached to said trap-door, a movable rod mounted and arrangedvertically to keep said door latch and trap-door in their upper positionclosing said chamber, the upper end of said rod curved rearwardly, saidtraveling member striking said upper portion of said rod raising saidrod and releasing said door latch and trap-door after it has passed theuppermost of said shelves and all of said shelves have droppeddownwardly, whereby said paper in the vertical position in said chamberwill drop downwardly below said window indicating that the magazine isempty and there are no newspapers to be vended.

4. In a vending machine for newspapers having a magazine, a dischargeoutlet below said magazine, said magazine including a plurality ofsuperimposed shelves mounted for swinging movement about fixed pivots inelongated bearing and arranged so that the forward edge portion willdrop individually in said magazine from its horizontal position whenreleased, retaining means for maintaining said shelves against saidswinging movement,

a traveling member for s uccessively and bodily shifting said shelvesand pivots rearwardly in said bearings with respect to said dischargeoutlet to render said retaining means inactive to permit the shelves toswing about their pivots, said magazine including a vertical wall andwindow disposed to form a chamber in the front portion thereof andadapted to accommodate a paper in vertical position, said chamber havingan open bottom disposed about said discharge outlet, a trap-door hingedto the lower edge portion of said chamber to open and close saidchamber, a latching means attached to said trap-door, and a movable rodmounted and arranged vertically to keep said latching means andtrap-door in the upper position closing said chamber, the upper end ofsaid rod projecting rearwardly, said traveling member striking the upperend portion of said rod raising said rod and releasing said trap-doorafter it has passed the uppermost of said shelves and all of saidshelves have dropped downwardly, whereby said paper in the verticalposition in said chamber will drop downwardly below said windowindicating that the magazine is empty and there are no newspapers to bevended.

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